Critically discuss with reference to the car industry e.g (Toyota), Essay

Critically discuss with reference to the car industry e.g (Toyota), the Nipponese Lean production revolution - Essay ExampleThe meiji restoration transformed the japanese empire into an industrial world power.With new found pride in their country, and their culture, the Japanese flexed their muscles overseas. After the first Sino-Japanese War (1894-95), and the Russo-Japanese War (1904-05), Japan conquered a part of China, some parts of Russia, Taiwan and Korea. These territorial conquests provided Japan with valuable keen material and cheap labor for industries back home. In turn , these occupied territories were fertile markets for Japanese products. The relentless hunger for territorial expansion found sort in Japans annexing of Manchuria in 1931. In 1937, Japan occupied more territories in China by waging a war on that country for the second clock time ( Second Sino-Japanese War, 1937-45).All these aggressive expansionist plans brought Japan in direct conflict with the U.S an d its allies. Japan joined the Axis powers- Germany and Italy, in 1941.The same year, Japan say war on the U.S. The war with Japan ended after the atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945.Between 1945 and 1952, post-war Japan was administered by the U.S government .To help Japan stand on its own feet, American financial and technical aid were provided to Japanese business and industry. As part of the technical assistance , the U.S government brought in industrial and managerial experts from the U.S, to train Japanese companies on modern management and production methods. One of the most definitive techniques that influenced Japanese manufacturing, and made Japan the power plant that it is today , was the Training Within Industry, concept. Training within industry (TWI) service, was a creation of the U.S Department of War, to meet wartime needs. During war, manpower was required by the armed forces to fight the enemy. At the same time, industry which provided key material a nd equipment to the defense forces, faced a shortage of hands to finish production. Therefore, to optimize the productivity of U.S constructforce, a program for learning supervisors and workers in industrial establishments was devised. The training was to be done by experts drawn from universities and businesses. The aim of this program was to improve productivity and quality.The basic concept of the training consisted of the future(a) sequencesa. study and understand the processb. break up the process into its sub-components.c. Educate the supervisor and the worker on the process and its sub-components.d. Train the supervisor and the worker to work efficiently and without wastage.e. Train the worker to evaluate the end result and suggest corrective steps.f. Training the supervisor to deal with workers effectively and fairly.g. Training managements to develop newer and part training programs.The essential elements of the TWI program were similar to the principles laid down by Fr ederick w.Taylor (1856-1915), father of scientific management. In his book, The principles of scientific management (1911), Taylor proposed the followinga. replace hulk of thumb work methods with methods based on scientific study of the task. b. Scientifically select , train, and develop each employee rather than passively leaving them to train themselves. c. break open work equally between managers and workers so that