Belonging to Culture

People palpate a strong wiz of belong to their culture. This is seen in the film Bend It standardized Beckham by Gurinder Chadha. The chief(prenominal) jibes that portray this bidding atomic number 18 the engagement scene, pre- wedding scene and the wedding scene. This statement is also shown in the related text integrate by Sylvia Kantaris. In the film, various techniques are pulmonary tuberculosisd such as long barbs, well(p) shots and panning. In the related text the techniques used are a metaphor, listing, distinguish and emotive words. In the film Bend It Like Beckham the engagement scene starts off with a long shot of the outside of Jessminders theatre of operations.The tin is decorated with lights and lighting is a technique used to make the house stand out. After that on that point is a high angle/ cultivation up shot of the food. The foods are colourful and keen. Bright colours are festive and symbolises happy occasions. Costume is a nonher technique. Every one is wearing the same multifariousness of clothing and they are colourful. This shows that they belong to the Indian culture. The full/long shot of the room and the people sitting future(a) to each other shows hotshot of belonging to their culture. This scene also explores gender roles.The males were sitting use up, eating and lecture to others whilst Jess was walking around offering food to the guests. A wo universe tells Jess it willing be your turn soon. This means that she is expected to marry an Indian man just like every other Indian woman. These values and traditions are aspects of their Sikh Indian culture and Jess is expected to follow them. People notice a strong sense of belonging to their culture. We also see this in the pre-wedding preparation scene. In this scene we see everyone sitting together again. sex activity roles are explored in this scene as well.All the women are sitting next to each other around a table making samosas. A full shot is a technique u sed in this scene. This shows belonging to their culture because they are all celebrating harmoniously. There are alternations used betwixt the Indian and British culture to show contrast betwixt the devil cultures. There is an overhead shot of the Bhamras backyard and their neighbours backyard. The Bhamras backyard is colourful, active and bright while their neighbours backyard is quiet, dull and empty. There are alternations used between Jess preparing for the wedding and her team training for the finals.This shows that she is caught between two cultures. Music is a technique used. The music is sad and so is Jess. Her facial expressions show us that she is not interested in whats going on around her. She takes down her David Beckham poster and this shows that she is giving up on soccer. People emotional state a strong belonging to their culture however some people corporation feel caught between two cultures. Another text that that shows people feel a strong sense of belongin g to their culture is the poem Integrated by Sylvia Kantaris. This poem is about a Greek woman who moves into Australia moreover does not want to integrate.The metaphor she brought her country with her in packing cases tells us that she has brought ornaments of her country with her because she feels potently about her culture. She does not want to integrate because she is scared of losing her own culture. At her home in Australia, she listens to Greek music, speaks Greek with her granddaughter and this shows she feels strongly about her culture. Another technique used in this poem is listing. jump at that place is a listing of all the Greek items and then there is a listing of Australian items.This shows contrast between two cultures. Her granddaughter listens to occidental music, speaks English and eats Australian food. Her grandchildhas eaten corned-beef, cornflakesanother tongue, her future. This quote tells us her granddaughter has institute it quite easy to integrate w hereas the land gave way, she arranged it to her liking, shows the grandmother got her way. The use of emotive words such as fierce and confrontation shows that there was a battle between the grandmother and her new environment and she won because she did not integrate. Australia is more malleable than she, tell us Australia was manipulated because the grandmother did not give up. She kept to her culture. Not only do people feel a strong sense of belonging to their culture but they whoremaster experience cultural clash. In conclusion people feel a strong sense of belonging to their culture. This is seen in the film Bend It Like Beckham and the poem Integrated. Both of these texts show us people feel strongly about their culture. However they also show us that cultural clashes tail assembly arise as well when people feel trapped between two cultures.

Personal and Professional Development Essay

1-Abstract In essence, this report will comprise three parts beginning(a) we shall be making an rating of current move upes to self- managed nurture, second we shall be detail in which bureaus lifelong information both private and captain might be promoted and encouraged and finally we shall be making an evaluation of the potential benefits of self-managed withdrawing to organisations and their members exactly for this case with specific reference to Teagasc.2- institution Every single person had one day almost perplex ab divulge self-managed tuition in their life, or many quite a little argon having this experience at the moment in almostwhere breeding something by themselves. Stop for a moment and back to the past and try to return if you have learned something that you had enterprise by yourself. Did you remember something? I am sure you did, do you know why? Its because theres so many reasons which push ourselves to learn something and thats why the limit se lf-managed learn is much popular when compargond with the traditional way to learn, for example firing to the school every day.3-Approaches to self managed acquisitionIndividual could learn through the research which they will be doing that could be either been issued by the university or college even at work daub, people could learn assorted techniques employ in doing the research. Formal education and schooling remain highly wanted in most societies, and many educators, employers, policy- even offrs, and average citizens find it difficult to repoint high value on what is learned on your own or outside the formal system. However, some adult educators have shown how non-traditional programs, distance education, and autonomous scholarship efforts sack up meet many challenges associated with keeping current on constantly changing knowledge. Several things are known about self-managed information and also others terms as S-DL (Self-direct education), S-PL, LS-D, S-RL, Au tonomy, learning projects, open learning and so on However there are some differences between these terms* Knowles, (1975) secernate Self- directed learning- is a process in which individuals take the initiatives, with or without the attend to of others * Autonomous learning autonomy often is associated with independence of thought, individualized decision-making, and captious intelligence. Gibbs (1979) * Self-planned learning and learning projects Toughs (1979) research on people engaged in learning projects involved obtaining information on a series of related episodes, adding up to at least seven hours where more than half of the persons total motivation is to gain and conduct certain fairly clear knowledge and skill, or to produce some other lasting change . * Open learning individualized get often is associated with external degree, open learning, or non traditional programs where most learning takes place outside formal classrooms- Ruvinsky (1986) * Self-regulated lea rning is a process that assists students in managing their thoughts, behaviours, and emotions in come out to successfully navigate their learning experiences (Pintrich & Zusho, 2002) * defineer self-direction- is victorious primary accountability for personal learning (Brockett & Hiemstra, 1991) .But in commonplace all this terms are related to Self-managed learning what is a way which people or individual find different ways in learning things, which could be in the society where they are living or at work that is a diversified environment, Candy(1991). In other spoken language is about individual managing their own learning. This included people taking responsibility for decisions about* What they learn * How they learn * When they learn * Where they lean * Why they learn (the most fundamentally ) Self-managed learning also is about setting out the goals for the learning by evaluating the purpose for learning and ways to achieve much(prenominal) goals -Brookfield (1981).Pe ople learn fresh things for example the culture of different people, behaviour, personality, perceptions etc.4-Advantages and disadvantages of Self- managed learningSome advantages and disadvantages of self-managed learning4.1-Advantages* Improved the attitudes toward learning * The students become more confident * Also they are taking greater responsibility for their own learning than during more traditional classroom activities * Create a repertoire of skills * Learn to tolerate ambiguity in expectation of themselves * Development of higher order thinking, problem solving, collaborating skills * Exploring a variety of learning styles or approaches to learning4.2-Disadvantages* The learner my find difficult to evaluate ones own show up * The learner may not identify the learning needs match to his/her academic level * Some learners may not find enamour resources for learning * Unable to get peer feedback5-Ways in which lifelong learning in both personal and professional contex ts could be encouraged The liking of lifelong education was first fully articulated in this speed of light by Basil Yeaxlee (1929). He along with Eduard Lindeman (1926) provided an intellectual basis for a comprehensive understanding of education as a continuing horizon of everyday life. However to encourage lifelong learning is necessary Motivation, determination, managing period which is extremely important to self-managed learning. Lifelong learning is all about straight learning personally that could contri onlye to the professional context. Individual could have personal assessment as means of lifelong learning by evaluating their strengths, weaknesses, hazard and threats.For example, in the workplace employees with busy schedules can learn necessary skills at their own convenience through self-study. Some technical staff in organizations who must constantly upgrade their knowledge can access new information through an individualized resource centre. For example learning by Self-reflective learning could help employees learn new skills at work place also give awaying their personal skills through having work task and responsibility assigned to them. While self-reflective learning reviews things, continuing professional development, combines approaches, ideas and techniques that help to develop the personal learning.Self-reflective learning is about trying to review some opinions, judgements, personal understanding and actions that you are willing to take in a halal way and be honest about it. another example for a organization to encourage the employee taking initiative of learning something new could be giving to them a opportunity for a presentation skills where the individuals learn how to make a presentation which gives the chance to express the knowledge of what they have learnt from crabby topic also give them confidence to talk in movement of others, which become an advantage to the organisation when been given a task to do that need to b e presented to the manager and other directors from the same company of different company.6- Evaluation the benefits of self-managed learning to the organizations and their members In a world where there is maturement pressure for increased results from fewer people, Organisations have no favorion but to invest heavily in learning and development. The problem is that there is not always a correlation between expenditure on grooming and development and pay-off for individuals and Organisations. Also individual learning may not flux with organisational needs. Yet it is essential that individual should be helped to take on greater responsibility for their own development and growth. The key requirement, then, seems to be to create a situation where learning * Is owned by the individual* Is properly support And at the same time * Is closely integrated with organisations needs This what self- managed learning provides Knowles, (1975) Self-managed learning is about people taking their own initiatives in managing their learning, but the benefits of self-managing learning to the individual as well as the organisation are positive. For Teagasc and their members will be extremely important the benefits of self-managed learning. The employees will approach their learning in a way that is most compatible with their own learning style and strategy. In approaching pre-designed, structured training modules, employees can seek out those most congruent with their learning styles.Where the employee designs his/her own learning experience, they would opt for those with which they are most comfortable. There others several distinct benefits of SDL for the organization and their members * SDL can help identify an Organizations A players- SDL requires initiative. Individuals who show initiative in undertaking their own SDL program are motivated, confident self-starters. sure enough they would evidence motivation, interest and behaviours in their jobs similar to A players. * S DL can be implemented with minimal expense Many learning projects will cost nothing. Relatively speaking, project costs will be minimal.* SDL minimizes the issue of imparting of learning.7- Conclusion After done this research in self-managed learning I could say that people are taking more responsibility when they are learning by their own initiative. Self-managed learning is not something easy, though some people tend to passive that managing their own learning through self-managing learning is an old fashion way of learning. The fact is that its not true, the primary requirement needed to set out the goals and meeting them is hard approach to learning. Individuals need to understand the stages for the professional development plan for the purpose of having a clear objective of what they would like to achieve from self-managing learning.

Difference Between Monopoly Pricing and Competitive Pricing Essay

Congress is discussing the possibility of removing plain protection for emotional state saving drugs in order to reduce the cost of the Medicare and Medicaid systems. Discuss both the short-run and large-run implications for the economic situation of the drug patience. Include in your answer the impact on impairments, new development, etc. of drugs. Include becharm graphs showing the difference between monopoly pricing and competitive pricing.The drug industry currently takes on both monopolistic and competitive market structures. When a drug company develops a new drug, at that place are spare laws that allow the company to have a monopoly on selling the drug. In the short-run, the company is able to prosecute the monopoly price (above marginal cost) and maximize net income by producing the quantity where marginal revenue equals marginal cost. Once the patent runs out, former(a) drug companies have an incentive to enter the market cause it to become more competitive. Th ese new companies produce generic versions of the drug and charge a price below the monopolists price. As more and more competitors enter the price is driven down to marginal cost.If sexual relation were to remove patent protection on life-savings drugs, drug companys profits for life saving drugs would decrease. More companies would be able to come out producing the drugs without waiting for the patent period to end therefore, the original drug churchman would not be able to charge the monopoly price for very long because competitors could quickly engineer generic versions. The original producer would no long-run be a price maker and instead need to exist profit maximization rules of a competitive market by producing the quantity where marginal revenue equals marginal cost and charge a price equal to marginal marginal revenue.Since the original drug maker volition not be able to benefit from monopoly pricing during the patent period, there will be less incentive for them to c reate lifesaving drugs. A break out of the benefit of higher profits during the monopoly period is the ability to recoup just about of the research, develop, and testing costs of producing these drugs that the generic makers do not incur. Consumers on the other hand would benefit from competition in the market which prevents a sensation drug maker from dictating the market price of these newly developed lifesaving drugs.

Extrinsic vs Intristic

There ar many onward motiones that stubble from pauperization these keep up in the habitus of environmental factors, mental bases of want as well as a biological factor. Motivation is a factor that lies within each exclusive both intrinsic and extrinsic. natural is the indigence where the basis comes from a psychological perspective. Intrinsic motivation is when an separate takes on a line when the pay-off or reward is internal.Extrinsic on the incompatible hand is where an individual carries out a lying-in and is multituded or driven by and external factor this may deterrent specimen this may be the drive for a person to carry out a project where the individual may receive a promotion in their place of employment. Individuals from the moment they argon born argon programmed with instincts. From the moment an child is born they are programmed to cry when they are in exact of something for character the need to be fed this in a biological approach to motivati on.Needs and drives are excessively a assistant to motivation. Individuals rent the need to liberate of waste, for food to satisfy hunger, withal for water for the relief of thirst and also an individuals need to avoid pain. Environmental factors have been instal to also contri entirelye to motivation as well as an individuals behaviour. In todays society it has shown that an individuals per lineance at work and their motivation has been a major benefactor (www. businessperformance. com). There are also cultural and social bases for motivation.Some individuals social necessarily regarding motivation can over indite the biological bases for motivation example an individual who diets from a social perspective that need to achieve for what they take care to be perfect in society can over write the need for biological need for instance food in that extra case. Power motivation is also a benefactor in indisputable individuals. This may come in the form of an individual wanting to in some way control the outcome of a original situation using the pull of power.Winter (1991) lands The need for power involves the desire to tell others what to do and to make drop of rewards or punishment to control the behaviours of others (winter 1991, as cited in Bourne and Russo 1998). A kinfolk may experience this if a child is told to carry out a duty or chore in one case where a reward is offered the chore will be carried out in a greater manner than if the chore had non had a payoff or a reward is non offered.Motivation is an individuals driving state or force. Motivation can also affect an individuals state of arousal. Arousal comes in many forms this may range from an individual feeling anxiety, stress or motivation. Individuals may think that anxiety may be a negative but in cases this can be a driving force for an individual to complete certain tasks or duties and may also result and the do of insert and motivation utilize in that particular situation. Every individual at some point in their life will feel anxiety in a task for instance an example an individual with a mortgage if there was no arousal felt that mortgage may not be compensable so motivation is a benefactor in situations like the example just shown. As human cosmos we a need to form relationships and intimacys with the people around us this is also a benefactor of motivation.With these relationships and friendship we are driven by motivation to fulfil the need and brilliance of belonging with other person or persons. Individuals have the urge and willingness to get through and to be the best they can possibly be motivation and sense plays a big role in the way and individual pictures and what travel they take to reach their goals. Not all individuals are the same that is wherefore we are call individuals but in todays Australian society the need for success and accomplishment is rated somewhat high.There are different incentives behind motivation Bandura ex plains that there are five different reasons for incentives these being uncomplicated incentives, this being the incentive of food, secondary incentive is the incentive to complete, plan or carry out new tasks, third is social incentives this is the need for recognition or praise, forth is the monetary incentive which may come in the form of a salary increase and finally bodily function incentive this incentive may come in the form of time off work.As human beings individuals dislike the feeling of failing or not being able to complete a certain task. All individuals have different driving forces and levels of motivation what one may find distinguished to one person may not be important to another. Individuals use a somewhat standard of excellence to evaluate their status of other individual.A person with a demean drive to succeed or a ruggeder level of motivation is less likely to accomplish what task was set out by that certain individual people with lower level of motivatio n will also seek out or take on tasks which they feel that they can master quickly without oftentimes difficulty compared to a person who has a high range of motivation who is in more of a position to challenge themselves and face the task at hand and will work hard to accomplish whatever it is that they have set out for themselves or what has been set out in the lead them.There are many theories surrounding motivation one being the shake and pull hypothesis, this can simply be broken down. The push conjecture for instance can be best explained for an individual planning a holiday, the push theory is the actual desire to travel. The pull theory on the other hand is best described to be the force where the attributes of that term are the benefactor (www. businessperformance. comt). Another theory that was stated by Fredrick Winslow Taylor and this theory are based surrounding people and their place of employment.Fredrick Taylor Winslow states the idea that approximately indiv iduals are driven and motivated mainly by salary or pay. He also states that generally workers do not certainly or naturally enjoy work and close supervision and control of workers from their employers is undeniable (www. tutor2u. net). Taylors theory has been used in a wide configuration of work and business places. His theory has been a benefactor in businesses opting for the use of production lines.Abraham Maslow (1908 1970) put earlier his theory which is a pyramid which expatiate five separate forms which focused on an individuals psychological of necessity. The bottom or lowest level of the pyramid being the to the highest degree basic of the psychological this is the need of basic survival this includes food, water and sex. The contiguous stage is the need and want of safety. This may come in the form of family, an individuals well-being and health and also a persons security of employment.The next stage up the pyramid is the relationship, come and belonging as earli er stated as individuals we are build to social creatures and to build friendships and relationships is the motivation to fulfil this particular need. The fourth stage is a person sense of self-importance-esteem. This also includes the repute we have of ourselves and the respect we have of others it is our confidence. The highest point of Marlows hierarchy of needs and the top of the pyramid is the ultimate fulfilment.This stage is known as self actualisation. It is the level that a person realises one self and ones potential and is the desire or driving force for an individual to fuck off all that they can possibly become. Elton Mayo also put forward another theory, this is the theory that not all individuals regarding the workplace are not only focused on the money but could also be focused by the social need of an individual to be set up in their place of employment.When working in groups together or when a group is given a certain task there are benefactors who may drive a p ersons strive for the input of motivation given by a particular person this could be from benefactors from the size of the group, and an individuals belief about what other individuals in the group are doing and also the amount of creativity required. If there is a larger group a persons drive or motivation may not be as strong because the amount of workload can be reduced on a certain individual.Another benefactor is if individuals feel that a peer or peers are not doing their part or doing the best that they can that individual may also not perform to the best of their ability. If the task that is given out requires low level of creativity the motivation may also not be as strong as that if a task requires a high amount of creativity or input. Bourne and Russo (1998) also explain that motivation and emotion are closely linked. Motivation involves the needs and goals, whilst emotions involve our feelings when expectancies are not fulfilled (ACAP notes week 9).According to Robert P lutchik (1980) there are eight primary emotions these being joy, sadness, acceptance, disgust, fear, anger, surprise and anticipation. These emotions can be combined to produce another certain amount of emotion this may come into the form of a mixture of joy and acceptance can produce love our relationships and friendships are influenced by emotions. Psychologists have discovered a ways that individuals can improve their amount of motivation so an individual can accomplish individualized goals. Laurie Pawlik-Kienlen wrote an article covering the question.The finding within the article suggested that is to view serving from a third persons perspective quite than that of a person who view issues from a first hand or person-to-person view. Psychologists have found that using the term he or she rather than I can help individuals fulfil their goals and increases the level of motivation a person has for achieving whatever it is that they wish to achieve (www. suite101. com). The sub ject of improving or strengthening motivation has also shown to be a popular topic with in the work place. Mayo suggests that managers take a greater touch on in employees (www. utor2u. net) As individuals we all have the need and want to brave a comfortable lifestyle where we are happy and fulfilled but to accomplish this motivation is a major benefactor in the issue of goals or steps that is necessary to be at that stage in life where individuals feel a sense of happiness and completion. If an individual psychologically has the right mind set and motives behind that particular driving force anything is possible.References ACAP notes weeks 1 9 www. businessperformance. com www. businessperformance. com www. tutor2u. net www. suite101. com

Capital Punishment Is Always Wrong, Do You Agree?

Capital Punishment is always wrong, do you agree? A Christian would agree as they recollect every last(predicate) life is saintly and only god can choose when your life ends, he ordain visit you in hell for your sins and it is not the place of the government to patch up whether you are exhausted or not. This is because in the record it says Do not kill which is one of the Ten Commandments which are not to be disobeyed, they also conceptualize in forgiveness and love which are the fundamentals of their religion thus criminals should be forgiven and given a chance to change.A Buddhist would agree because they believe in the sanctity of life. This is because they believe in karma that you will accumulate sturdy karma for the bad things you do in your life and will pay for them in your next life and so therefore we should leave people to be punished in their next life and not kill them because all life is sacred and if we kill them we will accumulate bad karma.A Moslem would resist because they believe that penalization is needed to protect the welfare of parliamentary procedure and serve umpire to the victims family, they believe that if you mint a life and so you should die because you have taken away something sacred and sinned, this is because in the Quran it says take not life, which God hath made sacred, except by way of justice and law which permits the death penalty if it is to bring about justice.Another Christian would disagree because they believe that god has name the king/queen who has then appointed the government to serve justice on his behalf, this means that they can punish people in the means they feel appropriate and in the bible there are examples where people were killed for their sins so therefore it must be alright to kill people in todays society.This is because in the bible it says show no pity, life for life, eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, rear end for foot which shows that we should have no mercy and sho uld give the same punishment as the crime done for example if someone kills then they should be killed. I disagree as I believe sometimes it could be right because some criminals never reform and in killing them we would be preventing them from killing again and possibly deterring other criminals as they would be horror-stricken of the punishment they would receive.

Ageism :: Age Discriminationg Work Research Essays

Ageism No matter how talented or experienced one employee may be over another, rub downplace fib has demonstrated more than just a few times that the jr. candidate is often the one to win the promotion. Age discrimination has ferment more than a minor inconvenience throughout the twentieth ascorbic acid indeed, the release has become such a hot potato indoors the workplace that laws contract been forced into existence as a intend by which to address the problem.In order to help protect those who prevail to be singled out and let go because of the unfairness of ageism, the Age contrast in Employment Act (ADEA) was designed with the older employee in mind. The issue at hand is that companies be not willing to look beyond their aging workforce, choosing instead to push them out of the technological loop instead than attempting to incorporate them as valuable assets. In our culture, the general experience is that with callowness comes energy, imagination, and innovation. Wi th age comes decreasing interest, lack of innovation and imagination, and a lessening of the role of the person (Bennett, 2001, p. 410-411).Job seekers are reporting age discrimination rise as early as the mid-thirties. How can this be addressed? What options are there for those of us considered old by hiring managers and companies? The biggest issue, and one which is hard to address, is the perception that older workers are not as capable or as qualified as younger counterparts.Age discrimination continues to damage our society, simplification both the incomes and the self-confidence of one million million millions of Americans. A Harris survey, conducted in 1989, reported that one million workers aged 50 to 64 believed that they would be forced to retire sooner they were ready. Most of this group, anticipating an unwanted early retirement, said they would prefer to work for days longer. Another Harris survey, conducted in 1992, found that 5.4 million older Americans--one in heptad of those 55 and older who were not working at that time--were willing to work but could not find a suitable job (Administration on Aging).Age discrimination can be obvious, such as a bank hiring a pretty, inexperienced young woman as a teller instead of an older woman with a strong circumstance in similar jobs. But its the subtler forms of age discrimination that may have the most powerful effect on cutting short the creative years of Americans--the law partner who

Where the Boys Arent Essay -- Education

procreation in the United States was largely of the single-sex (SS) variety until the mid 1800s that single sex was male. Gradually, coeducational schools became the rule and the theodolite of cognomen IX of the Education Act of 1972 was a concrete metre toward insuring that gender equality would be the norm in all government-supported schools (Anfara & Mertens, 2008 Halpern et al., 2011 Johnson, 2004). A major change took place in 2001 when Congress passed the No nestling Left Behind Act of 2001 (NCLBA). An amendment to the act authorized school to rehearse federal money to create innovative programs including SS classes (Dee, 2006 Johnson, 2004). The amendment was co-sponsored or supported by five female senators, namely, Kay Bailey Hutchinson, Hillary Rodham Clinton, Susan Collins, Barbara Mikulski (Johnson, 2004), and Diane Feinstein (Meyer, 2008) and approved unanimously by the Senate (Johnson, 2004). A reinterpretation of Title IX was issued in 2006 promulgating a set of federal guidelines under which SS classes would be legally permitted (Anfara & Mertens, 2008 Halpern et al., 2011 Johnson, 2004 Novotney, 2011 Rex & Chadwell, 2009). The following were required (a) be based on attaining a stated educational goal or providing diversity, (b) be wholly voluntary, (c) be implemented even handedly, (d) be substantially equal for both sexes, and (e) be reviewed at least biennially (Johnson, 2004 Rex & Chadwell, 2009). Since these changes have been implemented there has been a veritable explosion of new SS classes implemented. As of the 2007-2008 school year, 97 SS general schools and 295 SS classes have been started (Billger, 2009). In South Carolina alone, the number of schools offering SS classes jumped from 30 in 200... ... K., & Smith, M. (2005). Single-sex versus coeducational schooling A Systematic Review (2005-01). Retrieved from U. S. Department of Education http//www.ed.gov/about/offices/list/opepd/reports.htmlMeyer, P. (2008). Le arning separately The case for single-sex schools. Education Next, 8(1), 11-21. Retrieved from www.educationnext.org/learning-separately/Novotney, A. (2011). Coed versus single-sex ed. varan on Psychology, 42(2). Retrieved from http//www.apa.org/monitor/2011/02/coed.aspxRex, J., & Chadwell, D. (2009). Single-gender classrooms. The School Administrator, 66(8), 28-33. Retrieved from http//www.aasa.orgWolfgang, B. (2011, September 2). Boys in one class, girls in another at more schoolsSingle-sex option grows, but some mute skeptical. The Washington Times , p. 7. Retrieved from http//www.lexisnexis.com.proxy1.ncu.edu/hottopics/lnacademic/